About 300,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year and the number of deaths is estimated at 180,000 worldwide each year. Ovarian cancer metastasizes early in its development, often before it’s diagnosed. More than 60% of women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with stage III or IV once it has spread beyond the ovaries. Ovarian cancer treatment involves surgery with frontline platinum-based chemotherapy. After relapse, patients receive second-line platinum-based chemotherapy and later, based on the outcome: PARP inhibitor or VEGF inhibitor maintenance treatment or active surveillance – chemotherapy or other treatments. As many as 15-30% of patients with ovarian cancer have primary platinum-resistant or refractory disease. After recurrence, generally 70% of advanced stage ovarian cancer relapses, and even in stage I or II patients, the relapse rate is 20-25%. The recurrence of ovarian cancer is now considered as a sign of an incurable disease (it becomes platinum-resistant). The average response rate to “salvage” therapy is only 10-15% with a median progression-free survival of 3-4 months.